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SAS Interview Questions Answers basics

Q1 Full form for SAS

SAS means “Statistical Analysis Software”.

Q2 What is SAS System

SAS system is an integrated system of software products that enables user to perform Data entry, retrieval, management, report writing and Graphics, Statistical and mathematical analysis, Business planning, forecasting and decision making, Operations research ams project management, quality improvements and application development.

Q3 What is SAS program

A SAS program is a sequence of statements executed in order. Every SAS statement ends with a semicolon and the statement can be in upper-or lowercase letters.

Q4 How to grant writing access in SAS Studio

SAS studio or SAS University edition may not have write access to SAs user directory. Write access to SASuser directory must be enable using the following code.

proc options option=rsasuser;
run;

Q5 How to redirect SAS user folder

Use LIBNAME statement to redirect SAS user folder.

Q6 What are SAS libraries

In SAS, files like SAS Datasets and SAS views are stored in a folders called SAS Libraries.

Q7 List different default SAS libraries

SASuser, SASHelp, Webwork and Work.

Q8 What are the different SAS libraries

SAS libraries can be divided into two types depending on Database, they are dependent library and Independent library.

Q9 What are user defined SAS libraries

User defined SAS libraries are the one created by User and they are two types Temporary and permanent libraries.

Q10 What is a SAS statement

SAS statement is a type of SAS language element (or) a string of SAS keywords, SAS names, special characters and operations that instructs SAS to perform specific operations like ABORT, CALL, CONTINUE, DELETE, DO, DECLARE etc.

Q11 What is a DATA step

A Data step is that which creates or modifies data using input data types like raw data or a SAS data set.

Q12 What is a PROC step

PROC means procedure, PROC step analyses input data like SAS data set and produces output such as reports or an updated data set.

Q13 What are Global Statements in SAS

Global statements are the one used anywhere in a SAS program and takes effect until it is changed, canceled or SAS session ends.

Q14 Which SAS statement is used to read an external raw data file to a DATA Step

Infile statement.

Q15 What are special input delimiters Explain them

DLM and DSD are the two special input delimiters used in the Infile statement. DSD option treats two delimiters in a row as MISSINGf value, it also ignores the delimiters enclosed in quotation marks.

Q16 Difference between Informats and Formats

  • SAS Informat is an instruction that SAS used to read data values into a variable. Example:- MMDDYYw. DATEw. TIMEw. , PERCENTw,
  • SAS format is a set of instructions to the SAS system about how to WRITE or DISPLAY a stores value (or)  Format is an instruction that SAS uses to write data values. Example:- WORDIATE18., weekdatew.

Q17 List any three SAS functions that you have used and explain briefly

  • LENGTH   : It returns the length of an argument not counting the trailing blanks.
  • SUBSTR : It extracts a substring from an argument starting at ‘position’ for ‘n’ characters (or) until end of no ‘n’.
  • TRIM : It removes trailing blanks from character expression.
  • SUN : Sum of non missing values.
  • INT : It returns the integer portion of the argument.

Q18 How do you use trailing and Double

  • Trailing @ : It holds the value past the data step. It is used to hold the line of data until it reaches either the end of the data step or an INPUT statement that does not end with the trailing.
  • Double Trailing @@ :- It holds the value till a input statement or end of the line and it is used when we have multiple observations per line of raw data. Double Trailing @@ should be used at the end of the INPUT statement.

Q19 When will you use SELECT construct instead of IF statement

When we have a long series of mutually exclusive conditions and the comparison is numeric, we use SELECT construct rather than IF-THEN or IF-THEN-ELSE statement because CPU time is reduced.

Q20 Suppose we dont want any output form a Data Step then how can we prevent SAS from producing a set

We can prevent SAS from producing a Set using DAT_Null_

Q21 How would you include comma or reuse code to be processed along with your statement

By using SAS Macros

Q22 How to delete duplicate observations

To delete duplicate observations use noduprecs option in a Proc Sort.

Q23 What is PDV and its functions

PDV means Program Data Vector and it contains two automatic variables _N_ and  _ERROR_. PDV (Program Data Vector) is a logical area in memory where SAS creates a dataset one observation at a time.

Q24 What are N and ERROR in SAS

  • _N_ is a data counter variables used to indicate the number of times that SAS has looped through the data step.
  • _ERROR_ is a implicit variable created by SAS during data processing. It gives the total number of records SAS has iterated in a dataset.

Q25 How SAS log messages numeric values have been converted to character

It implies that automatic conversion took place to make character function possible.