Mac Terminal How-Tos

File Operations:

1. How to list files and directories in Mac Terminal
2. How to change directory in Mac Terminal
3. How to create a new file in Mac Terminal
4. How to create a new directory in Mac Terminal
5. How to copy files and directories (cp)
6. How to move or rename files (mv)
7. How to delete files (rm)
8. How to delete directories (rm -r)
9. How to display file contents (cat, less, more)
10. How to find large files (du -sh)
11. How to open files or apps from Terminal (open)
12. How to change file permissions (chmod)
13. How to change file ownership (chown)
14. How to create a symbolic link (ln -s)

Network Operations:

17. How to check your IP address in Mac Terminal
18. How to ping a server (ping)
19. How to check network connections in Mac Terminal
20. How to traceroute a network (traceroute)
21. How to test internet speed using curl in Mac Terminal
22. How to SSH into a remote server (ssh)
23. How to download a file from a URL (curl or wget)
24. How to check active network interfaces (ifconfig)
25. How to flush DNS cache (sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder)
26. How to see open ports (lsof -i or netstat -an)
27. How to stop/start Wi-Fi from Mac Terminal
28. How to test internet connection using ping in Mac Terminal

Searching and File Management:

29. How to find a file by name (find)
30. How to search for text in files (grep)
31. How to search recursively for text in files (grep -r)
32. How to find files by size in Mac Terminal
33. How to search for a specific pattern in files (grep "pattern")
34. How to locate files on your system (locate)
35. How to view recently modified files (find . -mtime)

System Operations:

36. How to view system information (system_profiler)
37. How to view CPU usage in Mac Terminal
38. How to view memory usage (vm_stat)
39. How to list running processes (ps aux)
40. How to kill a running process (kill or killall)
41. How to clear Terminal history in Mac Terminal
42. How to update Homebrew (brew update)
43. How to install a package using Homebrew (brew install)
44. How to open a file with a specific application (open -a [AppName])

Conversions and Encoding:

46. How to convert a file from one format to another (e.g., ffmpeg)
47. How to convert text file line endings (dos2unix, unix2dos)
48. How to encode/decode Base64 strings (base64)
49. How to convert an image format (e.g., sips for image conversion)
50. How to change file encoding (iconv)

Package Management:

51. How to install Homebrew on Mac (/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)")
52. How to install a package using Homebrew (brew install [package])
53. How to uninstall a Homebrew package (brew uninstall [package])
54. How to search for Homebrew packages (brew search [name])

File Compression and Extraction:

55. How to compress files to a .zip archive in Mac Terminal
56. How to extract .zip files in Mac Terminal
57. How to create a .tar.gz file (tar -czf)
58. How to extract a .tar.gz file (tar -xzf)
59. How to create a .rar archive (rar)
60. How to extract .rar files (unrar)

Disk and System Management:

61. How to check disk space in Mac Terminal
62. How to check directory size in Mac Terminal
63. How to format a USB drive in Mac Terminal
64. How to mount and unmount drives (diskutil mount/unmount)
65. How to repair disk permissions (diskutil repairPermissions)
66. How to create a bootable USB drive (dd or diskutil)
67. How to show hidden files
68. How to hide files using Mac Terminal
69. How to enable or disable SIP (System Integrity Protection) on macOS

Shell and Scripting:

70. How to create and run a bash script
71. How to set environment variables (export VAR=value)
72. How to view environment variables (printenv)
73. How to create an alias (alias)
74. How to make a script executable (chmod +x script.sh)
75. How to run Python scripts from Terminal (python3 script.py)
76. How to schedule tasks with cron
77. How to use the echo command to display text
78. How to redirect output to a file (>, >>)

Terminal Customization:

79. How to change the Terminal prompt (PS1)
80. How to change the default shell (e.g., from bash to zsh)
81. How to customize .bash_profile or .zshrc
82. How to add custom colors to Terminal
83. How to change Terminal themes

Network Troubleshooting:

84. How to flush DNS cache (sudo dscacheutil -flushcache)
85. How to view network interfaces (ifconfig)
86. How to view current Wi-Fi connection info (networksetup -getairportnetwork en0)
87. How to reset network settings using Terminal
88. How to scan for available Wi-Fi networks (/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/Apple80211.framework/Versions/Current/Resources/airport -s)

Miscellaneous Operations:

89. How to find the macOS version (sw_vers)
90. How to list installed applications (ls /Applications/)
91. How to change the system time and date (date)
92. How to force quit an application using Terminal
93. How to show all active network connections (lsof -i)
94. How to start a Python web server (python3 -m http.server)
95. How to run background processes using nohup
96. How to empty the trash from Terminal in Mac
97. How to create a new user from Terminal
98. How to restart or shut down your Mac from Terminal
99. How to take a screenshot using Terminal (screencapture)
100. How to use the Terminal as a calculator (bc)