Python dir()
Python dir() builtin function returns the list of names of attributes for a given object. If no object is given as argument, then dir() returns the list of names in the current local scope.
In this tutorial, we will learn about the syntax of Python dir() function, and learn how to use this function with the help of examples.
Syntax
The syntax of dir() function is
dir([object])
where
| Parameter | Required/Optional | Description |
|---|---|---|
| object | Optional | A Python object. |
Returns
The function returns an object of type list.
Examples
1. dir(object)
In this example, we will pass an object to the dir() function, and observe the list returned by it.
Python Program
class X:
a = 1
b = 2
result = dir(X)
#print items in the result list
for item in result:
print(item) Try Online Output
__class__ __delattr__ __dict__ __dir__ __doc__ __eq__ __format__ __ge__ __getattribute__ __gt__ __hash__ __init__ __init_subclass__ __le__ __lt__ __module__ __ne__ __new__ __reduce__ __reduce_ex__ __repr__ __setattr__ __sizeof__ __str__ __subclasshook__ __weakref__ a b
2. No argument to dir()
In this example, we will not pass any object to the dir() function, and observe the list returned by it. Of course, we have two variables defined in the local scope.
Python Program
x = 2
y = 4.4
result = dir()
#print items in the result list
for item in result:
print(item) Try Online Output
__annotations__ __builtins__ __cached__ __doc__ __file__ __loader__ __name__ __package__ __spec__ x y
Conclusion
In this Python Tutorial, we have learnt the syntax of Python dir() builtin function, and also learned how to use this function, with the help of Python example programs.