In SAP, the SQ02 transaction code is instrumental for creating and maintaining InfoSets, which are pivotal in the SAP Query tool for generating custom reports. InfoSets define the data sources and fields accessible for reporting, enabling users to extract meaningful insights without extensive programming knowledge. This guide provides a detailed walkthrough on utilizing SQ02 to create and manage InfoSets effectively.

Understanding InfoSets in SAP

An InfoSet is a semantic layer that defines a specific view of data sources, such as tables or logical databases, which can be queried using SAP Query. By specifying the fields and relationships within these data sources, InfoSets allow users to tailor reports to meet specific business requirements.

Key Components of InfoSets

  • Data Sources: Tables, views, or logical databases from which data is retrieved.
  • Field Groups: Logical groupings of fields that facilitate efficient data selection and reporting.
  • User Groups: Collections of users authorized to access specific InfoSets and create or execute queries based on them.

Step-by-Step Guide to Creating an InfoSet Using SQ02

Step-by-Step Guide to Creating an InfoSet in SAP Using SQ02

InfoSets in SAP are essential for defining data sources for reporting. They allow you to combine tables, define joins, and group fields logically for better reporting in SAP Query. Below is a detailed guide to creating an InfoSet based on the provided screenshot.

Step 1: Access the InfoSet Maintenance Tool

  1. Go to transaction code SQ02 in SAP.
  2. This will open the InfoSet maintenance screen, where you can create, edit, or display InfoSets.

Step 2: Create a New InfoSet

  1. Click the Create button and assign a unique name to your InfoSet (e.g., TEST25_CUST).
  2. Enter a description that briefly outlines the purpose of the InfoSet.
  3. Choose the data source, such as a table join, logical database, or direct read of a specific table.

Step 3: Add Tables and Define Joins

  1. Add the required tables to your InfoSet. Based on the example in the image, include the following tables:
    • KNA1: Customer General Data.
    • KNB1: Customer Company Code Data.
    • KNVV: Customer Sales Data.
  2. Define the joins between the tables to establish relationships. For instance:
    • Link KNA1 to KNB1 based on the customer number (KUNNR).
    • Similarly, join KNVV with KNA1 using the same customer number.
  3. This ensures all data remains consistent and relational when queried.

Step 4: Group Data Fields into Field Groups

  1. Assign fields from the tables to logical groups, making it easier to access them in SAP queries:
    • Field Group 01: General Data in Customer Master (fields from KNA1).
    • Field Group 02: Customer Master (Company Code) (fields from KNB1).
    • Field Group 03: Customer Master Sales Data (fields from KNVV).
  2. Drag and drop fields from the left-hand table list into the respective field groups.
Creating and Managing InfoSets in SAP using SQ02

Step 5: Save and Generate the InfoSet

  1. Click Save to store your work.
  2. Select Generate to finalize the InfoSet. This step makes it ready for use in SAP Query (SQ01).
  3. Once generated, the InfoSet can be accessed and used for reporting.

Step 6: Assigning the InfoSet to User Groups

  1. Assign User Groups: On the main SQ02 screen, click the “Role/User Group Assignment” button.
  2. Select User Groups: Choose the user groups that should have access to the InfoSet. This assignment controls which users can create or execute queries based on this InfoSet.
  3. Save Assignments: Confirm the assignments by clicking “Save.”

Best Practices for Managing InfoSets

  • Consistent Naming Conventions: Use clear and descriptive names for InfoSets to facilitate easy identification and maintenance.
  • Regular Updates: Review and update InfoSets periodically to ensure they align with current business requirements and data structures.
  • Documentation: Maintain comprehensive documentation for each InfoSet, detailing its purpose, data sources, field groups, and any custom code implemented.
  • Testing: Thoroughly test InfoSets by creating sample queries to validate data accuracy and performance.

Conclusion

The InfoSet TEST25_CUST is now created, combining data from customer general, company code, and sales tables. It can be used in SAP queries for reporting purposes, offering a comprehensive view of customer data.