What is Sales Tax and Purchase Tax in SAP

Input tax (Purchase Tax) is levied on all types of purchases and output tax (Sales Tax) is levied on all types of sales. Every country follow its own sales tax, purchase tax procedure. Government can levy the taxes and changes the procedure from time to time as per the tax plan for the nation. There are two tier in tax jurisdiction i.e.

  1. Country level
  2. State Level

Examples of Purchases and Sales are

  1. Purchases:  local purchase, within or outside state purchase, VAT purchase, LST purchases, etc.
  2. Sales: – Local Sales, VAT Sales, within state sales, Outside state sales, etc.

How do we calculate sales tax and purchase tax

If we have purchased material for 100 within state and sold for 200 within state or outside state, let us calculate how the taxes are levied on sales and purchases.

For Purchases

Within State Outside State
Basic Price 1oo 100
Excise duty 8 8
Basic+Excise 108 108
Vat 5% 5.4 0
CST – 2% (C Form) 2.4
Bill Amount 113.4 110.16

For Sales

Within State Outside State
Basic Price 2oo 200
Excise duty – 10% on basic price 20 20
Basic+Excise 220 220
Vat 14.5% 31.9 0
CST – 2% (C Form) 4.4
Bill Amount 251.9 224.4

Payments to Sales Tax Department

  1. Local Sales – Local Purchase:  31.9 – 5.5 = 26.4
  2. Local Sales – CST Purchases: 79.75 – 0 = 79.5
  3. CST Sales – CST Purchases: 4.4 -0 = 4.4
  • Tax paid on outside state purchases cannot be adjusted against the tax collected on local state sales or outside state sales
  • Tax paid within sate on purchases can be adjusted with against tax collected on local sales/ outside state sales.

SAP system provides tax version as per country level. We need to customize the tax procedures as per the organizational requirements. Major part of TAX customization will be done by MM consultant and SD consultant, however it is mandatory as the SAP FICO consultant should know about the outline configurations of the taxes.

Some of the important tax configurations are

  1. Define tax procedure
  2. Assign country to calculation procedure
  3. Define condition types
  4. Assign tax codes for non taxable transactions
  5. Create tax code for sales/purchases.